Information Processing Model – Stage Theory (Short Term, Long Term & Sensory Memory) | Psychology
Dr. Manishika Jain explains
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Memory is capacity to store information by learning and experience – from vast storehouse of information
Computer has RAM (temporary) and ROM (permanent) - Based on the programme commands, the computer manipulates the contents of its memories and displays the output on the screen
Based on task to perform – human register information, store and manipulate it – for math calculations would be activated
Atkinson and Shiffrin in 1968. It is known as Stage Model
Structural Components
Sensory Memory – information from senses are registered as replica of stimuli – visual after images (traces of light after it is switched off) or echoic or auditory as reverberations of sound when sound has ceased
STM is primarily encoded acoustically, i.e. in terms of sound and unless rehearsed continuously, it may get lost from the STM in less than 30 seconds & is fragile but less fragile than sensory memory. LTM- vast capacity – remember birthdays -encoded semantically, i.e. in terms of the meaning that any information carries
Control Processes
How information flows through various memory stores
Selective attention
STM (silent or vocal) - Maintenance rehearsal - maintain information through repetition and when such repetitions discontinue the information is lost.
Chunking in STM – break in groups (chunks as 1947, 1949, and 2004 and remember them as the year when India became independent, the year when the Indian Constitution was adopted, and the year when the tsunami hit the coastal regions)
LTM- elaborative rehearsals - remembering the meaning of the word ‘humanity’ will be easier if the meanings of concepts such as ‘compassion’, ‘truth’ and ‘benevolence’ are already in place (associations with new information determine its permanence) – logical framework and link to create mental image
For example, earlier it was shown that in the STM information is encoded acoustically, while in LTM it is encoded semantically, but later experimental evidences show that information can also be encoded semantically in STM and acoustically in LTM #examrace #upsc #ugcnet
Dr. Manishika Jain explains
Complete Online Course – https://www.doorsteptutor.com/Exams/UGC/Psychology/
Get 10% discount – DOORSTEPTUTOR10OFF
Postal Course – https://www.examrace.com/NTA-UGC-NET/NTA-UGC-NET-FlexiPrep-Program/Postal-Courses/Examrace-NTA-UGC-NET-Psychology-Series.htm
IAS Psychology – https://www.examrace.com/IAS/IAS-FlexiPrep-Program/Postal-Courses/Examrace-IAS-Psychology-Series.htm
Mock papers – https://www.doorsteptutor.com/Exams/UGC/Psychology/Online-Test-Series/
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NCERT, Yojana, Kurukshetra, Down to Earth, Science, Social Studies and More interesting topics subscribe at ExamraceHindi: https://www.youtube.com/c/ExamraceHindi
For kids videos subscribe to FunProf:
https://www.youtube.com/c/FunProf
Memory is capacity to store information by learning and experience – from vast storehouse of information
Computer has RAM (temporary) and ROM (permanent) – Based on the programme commands, the computer manipulates the contents of its memories and displays the output on the screen
Based on task to perform – human register information, store and manipulate it – for math calculations would be activated
Atkinson and Shiffrin in 1968. It is known as Stage Model
Structural Components
Sensory Memory – information from senses are registered as replica of stimuli – visual after images (traces of light after it is switched off) or echoic or auditory as reverberations of sound when sound has ceased
STM is primarily encoded acoustically, i.e. in terms of sound and unless rehearsed continuously, it may get lost from the STM in less than 30 seconds & is fragile but less fragile than sensory memory. LTM- vast capacity – remember birthdays -encoded semantically, i.e. in terms of the meaning that any information carries
Control Processes
How information flows through various memory stores
Selective attention
STM (silent or vocal) – Maintenance rehearsal – maintain information through repetition and when such repetitions discontinue the information is lost.
Chunking in STM – break in groups (chunks as 1947, 1949, and 2004 and remember them as the year when India became independent, the year when the Indian Constitution was adopted, and the year when the tsunami hit the coastal regions)
LTM- elaborative rehearsals – remembering the meaning of the word ‘humanity’ will be easier if the meanings of concepts such as ‘compassion’, ‘truth’ and ‘benevolence’ are already in place (associations with new information determine its permanence) – logical framework and link to create mental image
For example, earlier it was shown that in the STM information is encoded acoustically, while in LTM it is encoded semantically, but later experimental evidences show that information can also be encoded semantically in STM and acoustically in LTM #examrace #upsc #ugcnet
